Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Stone Type | Synthetic |
| Shape | Pear |
| State | Solid |
| Brand | Dazzle |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 5-10 Mm |
| Color | Golden |
| Shape | Diamond |
| Stone Finish | Polished |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Packing Type | Loose |
| Quantity Per Pack | 1000 |
| Packaging Type | Packet |
| Stone Origin | Machine Cut |
| Stone Type | Cubic Zirconia |
| Usage | Artificial Jewellery |
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Pack |
| Size | 1.0 And 1.70 mm |
| Packaging Type | Packet |
| State | Solid |
| Packaging Size | 1000 Piece |
| Brand | Luster Dazzle |
| Shape | Round |
| Usage | Artificial Jewellery |
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 500 Carat |
| Color | Blue |
| Quantity Per Pack | 1000 |
| Packaging Type | Packet |
| Usage/Application | Artificial Jewellery |
| Size | 5-10 Mm |
| Shape | Round |
Synthetic diamonds of our company have good performance in hardness and brilliance. Its inner radiance of light no different from natural, and it has the same composition: carbon atoms, which are built up at high temperature and pressure. Actually, these are diamonds, only grown not in nature! Born from a grain and growing layer by layer, a synthetic diamond is perfected by a high-precision cut.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| State | Solid |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Shape | Pear |
| Packaging Type | Packet |
| State | Solid |
| Brand | Dazzle |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Stone Type | Synthetic |
| Shape | Octogan |
| Packaging Type | Packet |
| State | Solid |
| Brand | Dazzle |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Color Grade | Fancy Blue |
| Shape | Heart |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Clarity Grade | Heavily Included |
| Setting Usage | Earring, Pendant, Necklace, Bracelet, Ring, Bangle |
| Stone Type | American Diamond |
| Brand | Dazzle |
| Stone Origin | Imitation |
| Stone Finish | Polished |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1-10 Mm |
| Color | Blue |
| Shape | Round |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Quantity Per Pack | 1000 |
| Packaging Type | Packet |
| Usage | Artificial Jewellery |
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Quantity Per Pack | 1000 |
| Shape | Rectangular |
| Size | 1-10 Mm |
| Color | Green |
| State | Crystal |
| Material | Glass |
| Packaging Size | Loose |
| Brand | An Gems |
| Packaging Type | Packet |
| Usage/Application | Artificial Jewellery |
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Shape | Star Shape |
| Packaging Type | Packet |
| State | Solid |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Shape | Octagon |
| State | Solid |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Shape | Pear |
| Packaging Type | Packet |
| State | Solid |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Stone Type | Synthetic |
| Quantity Per Pack | 1000 |
| State | Solid |
| Color | White |
| Grade | aaaa |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Stone Type | Synthetic |
| Shape | Oval |
| State | Solid |
| Brand | Dazzle |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Shape | Octagon |
| State | Solid |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Shape | Octagon |
| Packaging Type | Packet |
| State | Solid |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1-10 mm |
| Quantity Per Pack | 1000 |
| Packaging Type | Packet |
| State | Solid |
| Color | Green |
| Shape | Round |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
| Usage | Artificial Jewellery |
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Brand | Dazzle |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Color | All |
| Stone Type | Synthetic |
| Shape | Octogen |
| Design Type | Standard |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Shape | Square |
| Size | ALL |
| Color | ALL |
| Material | GLASS |
| Finishing Type | A |
| Packaging Type | ALL |
| Usage/Application | ALL |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1mm To 20mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| State | Solid |
| Shape | pear |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 10000 Piece |
| Size | 1-10 mm |
| Cutting Type | Diamond |
| Quantity Per Pack | 1000 |
| Packaging Type | Packet |
| Color | White |
| Usage | Artificial Jewellery |
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 2.10 mm |
| State | Solid |
| Packaging Size | 500 Piece |
| Color | White |
| Brand | Royal Dazzle |
| Packaging Type | Packet |
| Shape | Round |
| Usage | Artificial Jewellery |
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 500 Piece |
| Size | 1-10 mm |
| Quantity Per Pack | 1000 |
| Packaging Type | Packet |
| State | Solid |
| Color | Green |
| Shape | Round |
| Usage | Artificial Jewellery |
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 - 10 mm |
| Usage/Application | jewellery |
| Quantity Per Pack | 1000 |
| State | Solid |
| Color | Green |
| Shape | Round |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
| Usage | Artificial Jewellery |
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Shape | Oval |
| State | Solid |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Shape | Pear |
| State | Solid |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Shape | Sqr |
| State | Solid |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Shape | Sqr |
| Packaging Type | Packet |
| State | Solid |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Shape | Oval |
| Color | Red |
| State | Solid |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Shape | Oval |
| State | Solid |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Shape | Sqr |
| State | Solid |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1mm To 20 Mm |
| Usage/Application | Jewellery |
| Shape | Oval |
| State | Solid |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 100 Piece |
| Size | 0.70-10 mm |
| Packaging Type | Packet |
| State | Crystal |
| Color | Available In Green, Pink, Purple, Red, etc |
| Shape | Round |
| Usage/Application | Artificial Jewellery |
| Heat Resistance | 650 DegreeC - 700 DegreeC |
| Dispersion | 0.058 - 0.066 |
| Refractive Index | 2.088 - 2.176 |
| Density | 5.65 - 5.95 |
| Hardness(Mohs's Scale) | 8.50 |
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 3 mm |
| Quantity Per Pack | 1000 |
| Packaging Type | Packet |
| State | Solid |
| Packaging Size | 3/4 |
| Color | White |
| Grade | 5A |
| Product Type | cubic zirconia |
| Shape | round |
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Quantity Per Pack | 1000 |
| Usage/Application | jewellery |
| Size | 1-10 mm |
| Color | All |
| Packaging Type | Packet |
| Shape | Diamond |
| Usage | Artificial Jewellery |
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 2 PACK |
| Size | 1.10 |
| Quantity Per Pack | 1000 |
| Packaging Type | Box |
| State | Crystal |
| Color | White |
| Grade | 7A |
| Design | European |
| Machine Cut Round | yes |
| Shape | round |
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1-10 mm |
| Quantity Per Pack | 1000 |
| Color | Red |
| Packaging Type | Packet |
| State | Solid |
| Usage/Application | Artificial Jewellery |
| Shape | Diamond |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Size | 1 to 10 mm |
| Grade | aaaaa |
| Technique | synthetic |
| Brand | a n gems |
| Weight | 2 |
| Treated | yes |
| Packaging Type | packet |
| Usage/Application | jewewllery |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Additional Information:
Product Details:
| Minimum Order Quantity | 1000 Piece |
| Usage/Application | Necklace |
| Color | White |
| Shape | Round |
| Size | 1 Mm To 20 Mm |
| State | Solid |
| Packaging Size | 1000 |
| Country of Origin | Made in India |
Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2). The synthesized material is hard and usually colorless, but may be made in a variety of different colors. It should not be confused with zircon, which is a zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4). It is sometimes erroneously called cubic zirconium.
Because of its low cost, durability, and close visual likeness to diamond, synthetic cubic zirconia has remained the most gemologically and economically important competitor for diamonds since commercial production began in 1976. Its main competitor as a synthetic gemstone is a more recently cultivated material, synthetic moissanite.
Additional Information: